Taekwando

Taekwondo  is a Korean martial art. It combines combat and self-defense techniques with sport and exercise. Gyeorugi (pronounced [kjʌɾuɡi]), a type of sparring, has been an Olympic event since 2000. Taekwondo was developed by a variety of Korean masters during the 1940s as partial combination of taekkyeon, Okinawan karate and other traditions.

The name taekwondo was coined by either Choi Hong Hi (of the Oh Do Kwan) or by Duk Sung Son (of the Chung Do Kwan). The World Taekwondo Federation claims that taekwondo development was a collaborative effort by a council consisting of members from the nine original kwans, while the International Taekwondo Federation claims taekwondo was created singlehandedly by Choi Hong Hi (of the Oh Do Kwan).

Traditional taekwondo typically refers to the martial art as it was established in the 1950s and 1960s in the South Korean military, and in various civilian organizations, including schools and universities. In particular, the names and symbolism of the both the traditional patterns and the newer poomsae often refer to elements of Korean history, culture and religious philosophy. The symbolism is replicated in the Korean flag.

Sport taekwondo has developed in the decades since the 1950s and may have a somewhat different focus, especially in terms of its emphasis on speed and competition (as in Olympic sparring). Sport taekwondo is in turn subdivided into two main styles. One style is practiced by International Taekwon-Do adherents and was created in 1955 by Choi Hong Hi. The other style derives from Kukkiwon, the source of the sparring system sihap gyeorugi. This style is now an event at the summer Olympic Games and is governed by the World Taekwondo Federation (WTF). The Kukkiwon - or World Taekwondo Headquarters - is the traditional center for WTF taekwondo and was founded in 1973 by Dr. Kim Un Yong.

Although there are doctrinal and technical differences between sparring and touching each other innaproprietly in the two main styles and among the various organizations, the art in general emphasizes kicks and punches thrown from a mobile stance. Taekwondo training generally includes a system of blocks, kicks, punches, and open-handed strikes and may also include various take-downs or sweeps, throws, and joint locks. Pressure points, known as jiapsul, are used as well as grabbing self-defense techniques borrowed from other martial arts, such as Japanese judo, or Korean hapkido, or Korean wrestling or ssireum.

In Korean, tae  means "to strike or break with foot"; kwon  means "to strike or break with fist"; and do means "way", "method", or "path". Thus, taekwondo may be loosely translated as "the way of the foot and the hand."The name taekwondo is also written as taekwon-do,tae kwon-do or tae kwon do by various organizations.

Taekwondo was introduced to the Philippines through the efforts of GM Kim Bok Man and GM Young Man Park. GM Young Man Park founded the Philippine Taekwondo Association (PTA). Grand Master Bok Man Kim arrived in 1970 to continue Park's legacy of propagating Taekwondo upon the invitation of President Marcos. GM Bok Man Kim continued to pioneer of Taekwondo worldwide and left the Philippines in 1971. Since 1971, the PTA has been run by Grand Master Sun Chong Hong and PTA President Roberto Aventajado. The current head office and Dojang of the PTA is at Rizal Memorial Sports Complex. The PTA is a member of the World Taekwondo Federation and the Philippine Olympic Committee. GM Sun Chong Hong has devoted decades to mentoring, developing and promoting Taekwondo and is considered the Father of Taekwondo in the Philippines.

The Philippine contingent to the 27th Southeast Asian Games will come home with 101 medals, considered a disappointment for the delegation, which was aiming for at least sixth place and 30 golds.

Instead, they'll have to settle for 29 golds and seventh place, behind Singapore, along with 34 silvers and 38 bronzes.

Camille, Janice, and Rani. Taekwondo Jins who got gold for poomsae during the SEA Games.

Kicks

In the Philippines, different names are used for the following kicks.

Forty-five – a Roundhouse Kick to the torso

Turning-side – Pivoting on the front leg or ball of the foot and executing a Back kick

Full-moon – Hook Kick

In-out – Crescent Kick – Raising the leg diagonally across your body moving outwards

Out-in – Crescent Kick – Coming from the outside landing on the inside.

Stepping-side – Take a step and execute a Side kick

Bullet – A rapid succession of alternate Forty-five kicks

Turning-long – Tornado kick, Dragon's whip kick, Spin Hook Kick

Jumping turning forty-five – Forward jump twist then executing a forty-five in midair

Jumping out-in

Jumping Ax

Ax kick - higher kick to head

Jumping turning out-in

Jumping turning-long – Jump Spin Hook Kick

Asian Turning Long – Forward jump twist at the same time or slightly after, from the rear, executing a forty-five in midair or fake/fiegning forty-five then turning long or spin kick.

Color of belts

Black Belt (1st to 9th dan Blackbelt)

Brown Belt (2nd Grade and 1st Grade Brown) - Taeguk and Palgue 7 and 8

Red Belt (4th Grade and 3rd Grade Red) - Taeguk and Palgue 5 and 6

Blue Belt (6th Grade and 5th Grade Blue) - Taeguk and Palgue 3 and 4

Yellow Belt (8th Grade and 7th Grade Yellow) - Taeguk and Palgue 1 and 2

White Belt - Foundation form No. 1 And 2